Even if there is a superior caste such as Brahmins and even if there is a superior race such as Aryans, and even if such caste and race is based solely on birth and not as Bhagavad Gita characterized caste as being based on guna and karma, even then one should pause and reflect a bit more what such a superiority consists in and what it entails.
Let me expatiate.
In my opinion, the highest type of person that is being sought to be produced by such highest caste and highest race is one who is loving and compassionate – that is what nature is aiming at in trying to perfect the human species through biological evolution and what the religious and spiritual folk (and even the Marxists and Communists) are trying to accelerate such an evolution through their intellectual and ethical teachings.
And how does a man of love and compassion relate to these differences in caste and race, howsoever one conceives of the origin of such differences, be it on account of birth or guna and karma?
The way I see it is it is not a question of if such differences exist or not. Clearly, differences exist among people across civilizations and nations. The American Constitution is NOT correct in stating, “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal.” It is far from being self-evident, and if anything, it is self-evident that all men are neither “created” equal nor do they “become” equal nor do they have a capacity to become equal.
People differ a great deal in their intelligence, temperament, talents, abilities, interests, understanding, and even in love, kindness, empathy and compassion, howsoever such differences be generated. It could be attributed to genetics (on which point the superior caste and superior race contentions find traction), upbringing and environment, the access to resources (including those of education and learning), the opportunities for advancement in social and occupational standing, and the relation and interaction between all these that is termed as epigenetics.
The Nature Vs. Nurture debate is an old one but in my opinion a false one, as also has been pointed out in various studies including studies of twins separated at birth. It is both nature and nurture, and if a caring, kind, loving, empathetic and compassionate society provides the right nurture, then slowly, nature also starts to respond.
So, the point is NOT if everyone is equal or some are more equal than others, but the point is to treat everyone equally with equal consideration, love, kindness, empathy and compassion.
I am not suggesting that if you were an entrepreneur with a startup you have to give the CEO and the janitor equal pay or both the corner office or both equal tasks and responsibilities. Equality or equal treatment does not consist in that. Nor can one lay down in advance the do’s and don’ts or the blueprint or a stand operating procedure on how to treat everyone equally.
What I can say is that the higher you rise in your ability to love and have care, consideration, kindness, empathy and compassion for everyone, the more clearly you will know what to do in every situation and with person or groups of people you encounter in your life in treating them “equally”.
That is why in Hinduism, Dharma is NOT defined, and it is something each of us has to discover from moment to moment in each of the situations we encounter as to what the Dharmic thing to do is in that situation or with that person or in that relationship.
Bhagavad Gita also says, ” The humble sages, by virtue of true knowledge, see with equal vision a learned and gentle brahmana, a cow, an elephant, a dog, and a dog-eater [outcaste].” (Chapter 5, Verse 18).
So, is there such a thing as a superior caste or superior race?
I hope I was able to convince you with my above arguments that such a question is not only inappropriate but also irrelevant.
Know Thyself 