Category: Upanishads

The “I” That is Seeking Liberation is Unreal: “All Are Appearances in and of Awareness” — Advaita, Gaudapada & the Seeker Who Never Was


What does it truly mean that “all are appearances in and of awareness”? This deceptively simple statement — echoing the clay-and-pot analogy of Advaita Vedanta — contains the entirety of the spiritual journey within it. And yet, as Matsuo Basho reminds us, sitting quietly, doing nothing, spring comes and the grass grows by itself. The real obstacle to Self-realization is the very seeker seeking it — for the “I” that strives to attain liberation is itself an appearance in awareness, nothing more. Gaudapada’s Mandukya Karika 2.32 states this with uncompromising clarity: there is no creation, no destruction, no bondage, no seeker, and no liberated one. This is the Absolute Truth — paramārthatā. Ashtavakra Gita and Sankaracharya’s Nirvana Shatakam echo the same. The knowledge is already here. The only thing left is to stop looking for it.

Beyond the Golden Veil: Transcending Sattva, Para Vidya, and the Final Frontier of Self-Knowledge in Advaita


Of the three gunas that constitute all of manifest existence, Sattva — the quality of luminosity, harmony, and knowledge — is the most seductive bondage. Unlike Tamas, which crushes, or Rajas, which burns, Sattva seduces with bliss, ethical refinement, and the pleasures of understanding. Ramakrishna’s parable of the three robbers captures this with surgical precision: the sattvic robber alone unties the traveller and shows him the path home — but does not take him there. The finest veil is still a veil.
The Mundaka Upanishad’s distinction between Apara Vidya — all systematized human knowledge, from the sciences to the humanities — and Para Vidya, the knowledge by which the Imperishable is realized, frames this predicament with extraordinary clarity. No accumulation of apara vidya, however refined and sattvic, can answer the question the Upanishad’s Shaunaka poses at the outset: by knowing what does everything become known? That question dissolves the knower, and no object of knowledge can accomplish that.
Ramana Maharshi, Nisargadatta Maharaj, and J. Krishnamurti — approaching from different angles — converge on a single insight: the final obstacle to liberation is not ignorance or desire, but the subtle, luminous, deeply respectable self that knows.

Psychiatrists Are Now Teaching What Ancient India Knew 3,000 Years Ago—and It Could End Your Suffering (The Non-Issue of Body-Mind)


There is a question so deceptively simple that most of us never think to ask it: when pain arises in the body or sorrow rises in the mind, who is it that is aware of the pain? Who is watching the sorrow?

We are so habituated to collapsing the observer into the observed — to saying “I am sad” instead of “sadness is arising” — that the distinction seems merely grammatical. But this small grammatical shift conceals one of the most profound insights ever articulated by human civilization, and it is an insight that has now been independently arrived at by the ancient wisdom traditions of India and by cutting-edge clinical psychiatry and psychology in the West.

The central claim is this: you are not your body-mind and its fluctuating states. You are the Consciousness that is aware of those states. And learning to rest in that awareness — to become the witness rather than the sufferer — is the gateway to the deepest peace available to a human being.

Modern psychiatry calls it the “observing self.” Advaita Vedanta calls it sakshi-chaitanya. The Stoics called it prosoche. They are all pointing at the same truth — and that truth could change everything.

The Bhagavad Gita Explained: Key Teachings and Insights


The Bhagavad Gita — spoken on a battlefield over two thousand years ago — remains one of the most profound guides to the human condition ever written. Yet its philosophical depth, Sanskrit terminology, and eighteen dense chapters can feel overwhelming to modern readers.

Sammary of the Bhagavad Gita by D. Samarender Reddy is not a translation or a conventional commentary. It is a guided philosophical journey through the Gita’s core teachings — written for the intelligent general reader who wants to genuinely understand what the Gita is saying, why it says it, and what difference it makes to how one lives.

The book covers the Gita’s two-tier vision of Reality, the Goal of Life as Krishna defines it (compared with Buddhism, Christianity, Stoicism, and modern psychology), the four paths of Karma Yoga, Jñāna Yoga, Bhakti Yoga, and Raja Yoga, and practical guidance on action, duty, meditation, and liberation. A complete fresh English translation of all eighteen chapters is included as an appendix.

Whether you are encountering the Gita for the first time or returning after years of study, this book will deepen your understanding of why this ancient dialogue continues to speak — with remarkable directness — to the most urgent questions of human life.

“If one knows Brahman as non-existent…” — Sankaracharya’s Commentary in Taittiriya Upanishad


In his commentary on the Taittiriya Upanishad (II.vi.1), specifically the verse Asad-brahmeti chet veda… (“If one knows Brahman as non-existent…”), Adi Shankaracharya explains that … More