When East and West Met Matter: Cārvāka and Epicurus on the Joy of Being Human


Long before science made “materialism” fashionable, two ancient traditions—India’s Cārvāka and Greece’s Epicureanism—dared to say that only the material world exists, that pleasure and reason, not gods or rituals, are the keys to human happiness. Yet, though they share a disbelief in the supernatural, they differ in spirit. Cārvāka celebrates life’s sensual immediacy; Epicurus refines pleasure into calm contentment. One urges us to taste life while it lasts; the other, to understand life so we can stop fearing it. Together, they remind us that meaning need not hide behind mysticism.

Intelligence Over Materialism: A Path to Contentment


The journey toward inner simplicity is crucial, as true freedom comes from awareness rather than the mere absence of possessions. Outer simplicity may provide some freedom, but it doesn’t guarantee inner peace. An intelligent understanding of one’s relationship with possessions fosters true contentment and societal cooperation without the need for external validation or authority.